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US State

West Virginia — State Seal and Flag


Two men stand before a rock bearing the date June 20, 1863 (the day West Virginia became a state during the Civil War). A farmer with a plow and cornstalk stands on the left; a miner with a pickaxe and anvil on the right. Two rifles are crossed above, and a Phrygian (liberty) cap sits atop them. The motto Montani Semper Liberi (“Mountaineers Are Always Free”) appears on a ribbon below.

Quick Facts

StateWest Virginia (35th state, admitted 20 June 1863)
State sealTwo men (farmer and miner) flanking rock with date June 20 1863
Seal adopted1863
State flagWhite field bordered in blue with state coat of arms and wreath of rhododendron
Flag adopted1929
MottoMontani Semper Liberi (“Mountaineers Are Always Free”)
CapitalCharleston
NicknameThe Mountain State
State flowerRhododendron (Rhododendron maximum)
Great Seal of West Virginia

Great Seal of West VirginiaSince 1863

Great Seal of West Virginia

Two men stand before a rock bearing the date June 20, 1863 (the day West Virginia became a state during the Civil War). A farmer with a plow and cornstalk stands on the left; a miner with a pickaxe and anvil on the right. Two rifles are crossed above, and a Phrygian (liberty) cap sits atop them. The motto Montani Semper Liberi (“Mountaineers Are Always Free”) appears on a ribbon below.

Flag of West Virginia

Flag of West VirginiaAdopted 1929

Flag of West Virginia

A white field bordered in dark blue bears the state coat of arms at center, surrounded by a wreath of Rhododendron maximum (the state flower). Adopted 7 March 1929.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is on the West Virginia state seal?

Two men (farmer and miner) flanking rock with date June 20 1863. Rifles, liberty cap, Montani Semper Liberi. Adopted 1863.

What is the state motto?

Montani Semper Liberi (“Mountaineers Are Always Free”).

When was the flag adopted?

White field bordered in blue with state coat of arms and wreath of rhododendron. Adopted 1929.

Sources & Further Reading

  • Smith, Whitney. Flags Through the Ages and Across the World. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1975.
  • State Symbols USA. Seal and Flag of West Virginia. statesymbolsusa.org.

Last reviewed by the Emblema Mundi editorial team on 2026-06-28.

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